Anesthesiology and Reanimation
General Anesthesia and the Role of Anesthesiologists
Anesthesiologists are the most vital — yet often invisible — members of the surgical team. Without anesthesia, no surgery can begin. The medications used to eliminate pain during surgery are carefully selected and administered by an anesthesiology and reanimation specialist. Minimizing the potential side effects of anesthesia on the body and ensuring the patient awakens safely after the operation are also among their key responsibilities.
General anesthesia refers to a temporary loss of consciousness and reduction in reflex activity without affecting vital functions. It prevents the patient’s awareness during surgery, eliminates pain, and provides muscle relaxation by suppressing reflexes, making the surgical procedure easier. The main purpose is to create appropriate surgical conditions while ensuring the patient’s safety and well-being throughout the operation.
General anesthesia is administered only by physicians who have completed medical training and specialized in anesthesiology and reanimation. Supporting them during surgery are anesthesia technicians, who are trained specifically for this role and are essential members of the team.
To reduce anxiety before surgery, patients are given oral medication known as premedication. After arriving at the operating room, an IV line is inserted and the patient is monitored for vital signs such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. Then, special anesthesia drugs, which only anesthesiologists are authorized to administer, are given via the IV. A special tube is placed into the airway to ensure safe breathing. Once the ideal anesthesia depth is achieved, the surgery begins. Throughout the procedure, anesthesia is maintained with intravenous and inhaled medications. At the end of the operation, the anesthesia is discontinued, and the patient is awakened under the supervision of the anesthesiologist. In the recovery room, the patient is warmed, pain is managed, and nausea or vomiting is prevented — ensuring a comfortable return to their room.
